The mixture of α 2-M or α 2-M-MA with hepcidin (molar ratio, 1:5 at this molar ratio hepcidin is above the α 2-M and α 2-M-MA saturating concentration) was incubated at 37☌ for 2 hours and then subjected to ultracentrifugation at 180 000 g for 2 hours at 37☌. The demonstration that α 2-M is the hepcidin transporter could lead to better understanding of hepcidin physiology, methods for its sensitive measurement and the development of novel drugs for the treatment of iron-related diseases.
In fact, the α 2-M–hepcidin complex decreased ferroportin expression in J774 cells more effectively than hepcidin alone. Because α 2-M rapidly targets ligands to cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis, the binding of hepcidin to α 2-M may influence its functions. This property probably enables efficient sequestration of hepcidin and its subsequent release or inactivation that may be important for its effector functions. Surprisingly, the interaction of hepcidin with activated α 2-M exhibited a classical sigmoidal binding curve demonstrating cooperative binding of 4 high-affinity ( K d 0.3 μM) hepcidin-binding sites. Hepcidin binding to nonactivated α 2-M displays high affinity ( K d 177 ± 27 nM), whereas hepcidin binding to albumin was nonspecific and displayed nonsaturable kinetics. Interaction of 125I-hepcidin with α 2-M was identified using fractionation of plasma proteins followed by native gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. In this study, we identify α 2-macroglobulin (α 2-M) as the specific hepcidin-binding molecule in blood. Hepcidin-based therapeutics/diagnostics could play roles in hematology in the future, and thus, hepcidin transport is crucial to understand. The name of the person authorized to submit the NPI application or to officially change data for a health care provider.Hepcidin is a major regulator of iron metabolism.
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For individual NPIs the license data is associated to the taxonomy code.
#Svat petr ryba code#
There could be only one primary taxonomy code per NPI record. The primary taxonomy code defines the provider type, classification, and specialization. The date that a NPI record was last updated or changed. The date the provider was assigned a unique identifier (assigned an NPI). The provider other organization name codes are: The code identifying the type of other name. The other organization name is the alternative last name by which the provider is or has been known (if an individual) or other name by which the organization provider is or has been known. These components are often separately licensed or certified by States and may exist at physical locations other than that of the hospital of which they are a component. Hospital components include outpatient departments, surgical centers, psychiatric units, and laboratories. Subparts are the components and separate physical locations of organization health care providers.
For providers with more than one physical location, this is the primary location. The location address of the provider being identified. The NPI is 10-position all-numeric identification number assigned by the NPPES to uniquely identify a health care provider. What is the National Provider Indentifier (NPI)?
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